[13], The barb is covered with rows of flat spines, composed of vasodentin. [citation needed], Treatment for stings may include application of hot water, which has been shown to ease pain. Stingrays do not actually attack. English language common names include short-tail stingray, bull ray, giant stingray, shorttail black stingray, shorttail stingray, smooth short-tail stingray, and smooth stingray. The tail spines are poisonous, yet it is rarely life-threatening to humans. The ray that attacked Irwin plunged its rear tail barb, reportedly close to eight inches long, into his chest. During the strike the tail sheath covering instantly moves back to expose the barb, located about one third the way down its tail (bluntnose and Atlantic species). The tail of the stingray that killed Irwin is capped with a roughly 8-inch spear made of the same stuff that makes up shark scales, known as dermal … [citation needed] Stingray wounds have also been found to bleed for a long amount of time after the initial puncture. [14], Antibiotics may be administered to prevent infection if there is a delay in treatment, if the wound is deep, or if there is a large amount of foreign material in the wound. [7][8][9] Fatal stings are very rare;[3] when television presenter Steve Irwin was killed in 2006, it was only the second case recorded in Australia since 1945. Vinegar and papain are ineffective. The stingray has one major predator, large sharks, which attack from above and behind. The stingray tail has a sharp, serrated barb along the proximal third of the tail that is usually hidden and encased in an integumentary sheath and can deliver painful enzymes causing tissue necrosis. Stingrays generally do not attack aggressively or even actively defend themselves. Their mouth parts do not cause injury, but a hickey can occur if they try to suck you. Diver goes out to see if he can get barbed in the heart by a stingray! ", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stingray_injury&oldid=998555895, Parasitic infestations, stings, and bites of the skin, Articles lacking reliable references from August 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Treatment of an injury in a life guard tower, with hot water, This page was last edited on 5 January 2021, at 22:55. The stingray's spines are rigid -- and in some species, can … [10] In Irwin's case, the stinger penetrated his thoracic wall, causing massive trauma. Both the venom-secreting tissues and vasodentin are enveloped in an epidermis that tears open when the barb is plunged into a victim. [citation needed] Contact with the stinger causes local trauma (from the cut itself), pain, swelling, and muscle cramps from the venom, and possible later infection from bacteria[3] or fungi. Some … The underside may produce venom, which can be fatal to humans and can remain deadly even after the stingray's death. Caught this stingray and improperly handled the fish and resulted getting stung on my left hand. The roughtail stingray is listed as “Least Concern” on the World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List. Tail spines are an effective deterrent to predators, like sharks, that commonly target stingrays. Weird & Wacky, Copyright © 2021 HowStuffWorks, a division of InfoSpace Holdings, LLC, a System1 Company. When threatened, the stingray begins its tail whip; the barbs on the spines tear through the thin tissue of the integumentary sheath, and the spines jut out at an angle that's nearly perpendicular to the tail. [12] Pain normally lasts up to 48 hours, but is most severe in the first 30–60 minutes and may be accompanied by nausea, fatigue, spreading cramps, headaches, fever, and chills. A stingray’s tail is long, thin, and tapered, much like a whip. Attack: Melee 1 (one creature); +13 vs AC Hit: 2d6 + 9 damage and the target is marked until the end of the dire stingray's next turn. Vasodentin is an incredibly strong cartilaginous material which can easily cut through flesh.
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